Abstract
To determine the relationship between vitamin K dependent coagulation factors and natural anticoagulants, namely protein C and protein S, in various degrees of vitamin K deficiency, plasma values for clotting activity, protein induced by vitamin K absence (PIVKA-II), protein C antigen, gamma-carboxy protein C antigen, and protein S antigen including total and free fractions and activity of protein C were measured in 66 full term and healthy breast fed neonates who did not receive vitamin K supplement at birth. The 66 neonates were divided into a control group (17 cases) and a low group (49 cases) according to their values for clotting activity--that is, > or = 20% or < 20% during the first six days of life--and vitamin K was immediately given when the neonates showed values < 20%. In the low group clotting activity gamma-carboxy protein C, free protein S, and protein C activity was significantly decreased to a minimum on day 2 or 3, and increased in parallel after vitamin K administration. Furthermore, they were positively correlated with one another and inversely cor-correlated with the PIVKA-II concentrations. These findings suggest that simultaneous gamma-carboxylation of coagulation factors and proteins C and S acts to main...Continue Reading
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