Relationships between Early Nutrition, Illness, and Later Outcomes among Infants Born Preterm with Hyperglycemia

The Journal of Pediatrics
Juan David Gonzalez VillamizarSara E Ramel

Abstract

To evaluate the effects of hyperglycemia on body composition and neurodevelopment, and how early nutrition and illness modify these relationships in infants born preterm. Prospective data were collected from infants born <32 weeks of gestational age (N = 97), including inpatient days of hyperglycemia (blood glucose >150 mg/dL) and nutrient intake. Body composition was measured at discharge and 4 months' postmenstrual age (PMA). Bayley Scales of Infant Development III (BSID-III) were administered at 12 months' PMA. Linear regression analysis was performed, adjusting for birth gestational age. Associations between hyperglycemia, body composition, and BSID-III were analyzed in models accounting for first-week nutrition and early illness severity via Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II. Mean birth gestational age was 27.8 (SD 2.4) weeks. Hyperglycemia occurred in 48.5% of infants. Hyperglycemia for ≥5 days was negatively associated with fat mass and fat free mass z scores at discharge, and fat free mass z score at 4 months' PMA (P < .05 all). Hyperglycemia for ≥5 days was negatively associated with cognition, language, and motor scores on the BSDI at 12 months (P ≤ .01 all). Associations with body composition and BSID-III were d...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 25, 2021·Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine·E F PinchefskyUNKNOWN Newborn Brain Society Guidelines and Publications Committee*
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