Relationships between pressure, flow, lip motion, and upstream and downstream impedances for the trombone

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Henri BoutinJoe Wolfe

Abstract

This experimental study investigates ten subjects playing the trombone in the lower and mid-high range of the instrument, B♭2 to F4. Several techniques are combined to show the pressures and the impedance spectra upstream and downstream of the lips, the acoustic and total flows into the instrument, the component of the acoustic flow due to the sweeping motion of the lips, and high speed video images of the lip motion and aperture. The waveforms confirm that the inertance of the air in the channel between the lips is usually negligible. For lower notes, the flow caused by the sweeping motion of the lips contributes substantially to the total flow into the mouthpiece. The phase relations among the waveforms are qualitatively similar across the range studied, with no discontinuous behavior. The players normally played at frequencies about 1.1% above that of the impedance peak of the bore, but could play below as well as above this frequency and bend from above to below without discontinuity. The observed lip motion is consistent with two-degree-of-freedom models having varying effective lengths. These provide insight into why lips can auto-oscillate with an inertive or compliant load, or without a downstream resonator.

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Jul 8, 2005·Nature·Alex TarnopolskyJoe Wolfe
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Oct 7, 2011·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Steven M LulichMitchell S Sommers
Jan 28, 2012·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Jer-Ming ChenJoe Wolfe
Nov 5, 2013·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Vincent Fréour, Gary P Scavone

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Citations

Aug 4, 2015·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Henri BoutinJoe Wolfe
Jul 1, 2019·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Robin TournemenneMichael Kokkolaras
Jul 3, 2020·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Henri BoutinJoe Wolfe
Sep 3, 2020·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Vincent FréourBruno Cochelin
May 4, 2017·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Henri BoutinJean-Loïc Le Carrou
Feb 3, 2018·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·N Giordano
May 10, 2019·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·N Giordano
Nov 4, 2020·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Henri BoutinJoe Wolfe

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