PMID: 7370357Mar 1, 1980Paper

Relaxation and subjective estimates of muscle tension: implications for a central efferent theory of muscle control

Biofeedback and Self-regulation
D W StilsonG Ball

Abstract

The relationship of "awareness of muscle tension" to depth of relaxation was explored. In one experiment, accuracy of forearm flexor control was assessed using the psychophysical method of magnitude production, and depth of flexor relaxation was measured using the integrated EMG before and after EMG biofeedback training. No consistent relationship between motor-control accuracy and depth of relaxation was found. A second, similar experiment with frontalis showed increased accuracy of frontalis control with deeper relaxation. Accuracy of passive, verbal judgments of spontaneous frontalis tension fluctuation exhibited no clear relationship with depth of relaxation. It was concluded that forearm flexor and frontalis may be under the control of distinct mechanisms, and that afferent information probably contributes to the control of neither muscle. Three structural theories of the control mechanisms were considered, and one depending on the central monitoring of efferent outflow (rather than afferent inflow) seemed most compatible with the frontalis data. Both flexor and frontalis data could be accounted for by a two-phase scheme combining central outflow monitoring with the monitoring of mental contents for arousal value at very l...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 1, 1983·Journal of Behavioral Medicine·M I RoseA K Faught
Jun 1, 1990·Biofeedback and Self-regulation·A G Glaros, K Hanson
Jun 1, 1991·Biofeedback and Self-regulation·P M LehrerS Levi-Minzi
Sep 1, 1992·Biofeedback and Self-regulation·H FlorN Birbaumer
Dec 1, 1984·Biofeedback and Self-regulation·K A AppelbaumF Andrasik
Jun 1, 1995·Biofeedback and Self-regulation·J Segreto
Feb 1, 1986·Biological Psychology·G H Bayles, P J Cleary
Dec 2, 2014·Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry·Amit LazarovReuven Dar
Feb 1, 1992·Perceptual and Motor Skills·B LeplowR Ferstl
Oct 9, 2020·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·Áron HorváthFerenc Köteles

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