Release of retinal growth hormone in the chick embryo: local regulation?

General and Comparative Endocrinology
S HarveyEsmond J Sanders

Abstract

The neural retina is an extrapituitary site of growth hormone (GH) production and an autocrine or paracrine site of retinal GH action. Retinal GH is released from retinal tissue and may be secreted into the vitreous. Ontogenetic changes in the abundance of retinal GH during embryogenesis indicate that the amount of GH released may be regulated. The presence of pituitary GH secretagogues (GH-releasing hormone, GHRH; thyrotropin-releasing hormone, TRH; and ghrelin) and pituitary GH inhibitors (somatostatin, SRIF and insulin-like growth factor, IGF-1) within the neural retina may indicate the involvement of these factors in retinal GH release. This possibility is supported by the finding that GHRH is colocalized with GH in chick retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and in immortalized cells (QNRD) derived from quail neuroretinal cells and by the induction of GH mRNA in incubated QNRD cells. In summary, these results provide evidence for the autocrine or paracrine regulation of retinal GH release in the ganglion cells of the embryonic chick retina.

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Citations

Feb 11, 2014·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Carlos G Martínez-MorenoMaricela Luna
Feb 2, 2016·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Steve HarveyCarlos Arámburo
Apr 16, 2016·Growth Hormone & IGF Research : Official Journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society·Steve Harvey, Carlos G Martinez-Moreno
Mar 20, 2014·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Maricela LunaCarlos Arámburo
Apr 24, 2014·General and Comparative Endocrinology·C G Martínez-MorenoS Harvey
Apr 3, 2016·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Thomas FlemingSteve Harvey
Dec 2, 2014·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Carlos G Martinez-MorenoSteve Harvey
Nov 19, 2013·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Carlos Martínez-MorenoSteve Harvey
May 1, 2016·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Carlos G Martínez-MorenoSteve Harvey
Nov 29, 2017·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Menaka C ThounaojamManuela Bartoli
Jul 11, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Ling-Ping CenChi Pui Pang

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