Removal, biotransformation and toxicity variations of climbazole by freshwater algae Scenedesmus obliquus

Environmental Pollution
Chang-Gui PanGuang-Guo Ying

Abstract

Climbazole (CBZ) is an antibacterial and antifungal agent widely used in personal care products. In this study, we investigated the interactions between climbazole (CBZ) and freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus (S. obliquus). Dose-effect relationships between CBZ concentrations and growth inhibitions or chlorophyll a content were observed. After 12 days of incubation, the algae density and chlorophyll a content in 2 mg/L treatment group was 56.6% and 15.8% of those in the control group, respectively. Biotransformation was the predominant way to remove CBZ in the culture solution, whereas the contribution of bioaccumulation and bioadsorption were negligible. More than 88% of CBZ was removed by S. obliquus across all treatments after 12 days of incubation, and the biotransformation of CBZ followed the first order kinetic model with half-lives of approximately 4.5 days at different treatments. CBZ-alcohol (CBZ-OH) was the only biotransformation product identified in algal solution. Moreover, the toxicity of biotransformation products was much lower than its corresponding precursor compound (CBZ). The results of this study revealed that S. obliquus might have a great impact on the environmental fates of CBZ and could be furth...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 6, 2020·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Yungang ShiYunjiang Yu
Apr 28, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Rayana ManasfiMonica Brienza
May 30, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Krystian Miazek, Beata Brozek-Pluska
Apr 11, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Mei FuDingyong Wang
May 18, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Qiaohong ChenHaiying Wang
Mar 27, 2020·International Journal of Phytoremediation·Heleno Cavalcante de AlmeidaMarcia Marques
Apr 14, 2021·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·Christoph SchmidtkunzGabriele Leng
Jan 11, 2022·The Science of the Total Environment·Lei HuYanyan Zhang

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