Removal of alachlor, diuron and isoproturon in water in a falling film dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor combined with adsorption on activated carbon textile: Reaction mechanisms and oxidation by-products

Journal of Hazardous Materials
Patrick VanraesAnnemie Bogaerts

Abstract

A falling film dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor combined with adsorption on activated carbon textile material was optimized to minimize the formation of hazardous oxidation by-products from the treatment of persistent pesticides (alachlor, diuron and isoproturon) in water. The formation of by-products and the reaction mechanism was investigated by HPLC-TOF-MS. The maximum concentration of each by-product was at least two orders of magnitude below the initial pesticide concentration, during the first 10 min of treatment. After 30 min of treatment, the individual by-product concentrations had decreased to values of at least three orders of magnitude below the initial pesticide concentration. The proposed oxidation pathways revealed five main oxidation steps: dechlorination, dealkylation, hydroxylation, addition of a double-bonded oxygen and nitrification. The latter is one of the main oxidation mechanisms of diuron and isoproturon for air plasma treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the formation of nitrificated intermediates is reported for the plasma treatment of non-phenolic compounds.

Citations

Sep 19, 2019·Water Environment Research : a Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation·Weihang OuyangJinkai Xue
Aug 18, 2020·Journal of Molecular Modeling·Xiaohua RenJinying Zhang
Aug 30, 2020·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Franciele de Matos MorawskiCristiane Luisa Jost
Oct 6, 2018·Analytical Chemistry·Yury GorbanevAnnemie Bogaerts

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