Removal of Chloroxylenol Disinfectant by an Activated Sludge Microbial Community

Microbes and Environments
Donggeon Choi, Seungdae Oh

Abstract

Chloroxylenol (CHL) is an antimicrobial ingredient that is frequently used in antiseptics/disinfectants for skin (e.g. hand soap) and non-living surfaces. CHL is an alternative to triclosan and triclocarban, the use of which has recently been banned in some countries. Accordingly, the more widespread use of CHL may significantly increase its occurrence and level in aquatic environments in the near future, eventually resulting in potential ecological risks. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) may be a point source of CHL in natural environments due to extensive discharge through urban waste stream disposal. While the satisfactory removal of CHL in WWTPs is critical for maintaining healthy aquatic ecosystems, the extent of CHL removal and whether CHL causes system upset/failure in WWTPs currently remain unknown. In the present study, we conducted bioreactor operation and batch experiments to investigate the fate and effects of CHL and elucidate the mechanisms underlying degradation at various levels from environmentally relevant to high levels (0.5-5 mg L-1). Bioreactors partially removed CHL (44-87%) via a largely biological route. Microbial association networks constructed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing data revealed selective ...Continue Reading

References

Jan 9, 1999·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·G McDonnell, A D Russell
Apr 16, 2002·Waste Management·Sridevi GoskondaThomas Junk
Jan 18, 2008·Water Environment Research : a Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation·Joan OppenheimerLi Liu
Nov 13, 2008·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Andreas Stolz
Aug 5, 2009·International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology·Peng GuoJian He
Jun 23, 2011·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Ulisses Nunes da RochaLeonard Simon van Overbeek
Jul 19, 2012·PLoS Computational Biology·Karoline FaustCurtis Huttenhower
Jan 27, 2015·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Aurélie CébronCorinne Leyval
Dec 3, 2016·International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology·Chongya ZhangMin Wu
Apr 21, 2018·Bioresource Technology·Do Thi MaiSeungdae Oh

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