Renal protection in diabetes: an emerging role for calcium antagonists

Journal of Hypertension. Supplement : Official Journal of the International Society of Hypertension
H H ParvingP Rossing

Abstract

The combination of diabetes and hypertension increases the chances of progressive renal disorder and, ultimately, renal failure. Roughly 40% of all diabetics, whether insulin-dependent or not, develop diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is the single most important cause of end-stage renal disease in the Western world and accounts for more than a quarter of all end-stage renal diseases. Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of increased morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Increased arterial blood pressure is an early and common phenomenon in incipient and overt diabetic nephropathy. The relationship between arterial blood pressure and diabetic nephropathy is a complex one, with diabetic nephropathy increasing blood pressure and blood pressure accelerating the course of nephropathy. Calcium antagonists antagonize preglomerular vasoconstriction. Additional putative mechanisms include the ability to retard renal growth and possibly to attenuate mesangial entrapment of macromolecules, and to attenuate the mitogenic effect of diverse growth factors. Calcium antagonists (except the original short-acting dihydropyridine drugs) reduce microalbuminuria and preserve kidney function in diabetic patients with incipient dia...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 19, 2011·Journal of General Internal Medicine·Emaad M Abdel-RahmanAlaa S Awad
Sep 12, 2000·Current Hypertension Reports·P S Mehler, R W Schrier
Nov 2, 2002·Kidney International. Supplement·Talma Rosenthal
Sep 15, 1998·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology·P R de Cotret
Jun 3, 2000·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology·G ManciaA Zanchetti
Nov 14, 2012·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·Jordi ComasEnric Esmatjes
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