Renal tubular solute transport and oxygen consumption: insights from computational models

Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension
Anita T Layton, Volker Vallon

Abstract

To maintain electrolyte homeostasis, the kidneys reabsorb more than 99% of the filtered Na under physiological conditions, resulting in less than 1% of the filtered Na excreted in urine. In contrast, due to distal tubular secretion, urinary K output may exceed filtered load. This review focuses on a relatively new methodology for investigating renal epithelial transport, computational modelling and highlights recent insights regarding renal Na and K transport and O2 consumption under pathophysiological conditions, with a focus on nephrectomy. Recent modelling studies investigated the extent to which the adaptive response to nephrectomy, which includes elevation in single-nephron glomerular filtration rate and tubular transport capacity, may achieve balance but increases O2 consumption per nephron. Simulation results pointed to potential mechanisms in a hemi-nephrectomized rat that may attenuate the natriuresis response under K load, or that may augment the natriuretic, diuretic and kaliuretic effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition. Computational models provide a systemic approach for investigating system perturbations, such as those induced by drug administration or genetic alterations. Thus, computational models ...Continue Reading

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Jan 24, 2018·American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology·Anita T LaytonVolker Vallon
Jan 25, 2018·American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology·Anita T Layton, Volker Vallon

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Citations

Feb 6, 2020·Acta Physiologica·Bruce S GardinerRoger G Evans
May 2, 2020·Journal of Nephrology·Charlotte M MosterdDaniël H van Raalte
Aug 2, 2020·Diabetes·Carissa VinovskisPetter Bjornstad

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