Repeatability of adaptation in experimental populations of different sizes

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
Josianne LachapelleN Colegrave

Abstract

The degree to which evolutionary trajectories and outcomes are repeatable across independent populations depends on the relative contribution of selection, chance and history. Population size has been shown theoretically and empirically to affect the amount of variation that arises among independent populations adapting to the same environment. Here, we measure the contribution of selection, chance and history in different-sized experimental populations of the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii adapting to a high salt environment to determine which component of evolution is affected by population size. We find that adaptation to salt is repeatable at the fitness level in medium (Ne = 5 × 10(4)) and large (Ne = 4 × 10(5)) populations because of the large contribution of selection. Adaptation is not repeatable in small (Ne = 5 × 10(3)) populations because of large constraints from history. The threshold between stochastic and deterministic evolution in this case is therefore between effective population sizes of 10(3) and 10(4). Our results indicate that diversity across populations is more likely to be maintained if they are small. Experimental outcomes in large populations are likely to be robust and can inform our pred...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 29, 2016·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Tom VogwillR Craig MacLean
Feb 10, 2017·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Josianne Lachapelle, Nick Colegrave
Dec 7, 2016·PLoS Computational Biology·Thomas LaBar, Christoph Adami
Jul 13, 2017·Physical Biology·Thomas van DijkMark P Zwart
Sep 9, 2017·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Susanne A KraemerNick Colegrave
Jul 23, 2019·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Pedro SimõesMargarida Matos
Nov 17, 2017·Evolutionary Biology·David Jablonski
Feb 10, 2021·Genes·Philip Ruelens, J Arjan G M de Visser

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