Replacement of 137Cs irradiators with x-ray irradiators

Health Physics
Brian Dodd, Richard J Vetter

Abstract

Self-shielded 137Cs irradiators have been used for many years to irradiate blood products to prevent graft vs. host disease and to irradiate cells and small animals in research. A report by the National Academy of Sciences recommends that careful consideration be given to replacement of 137Cs irradiators with x-ray irradiators. Several manufacturers and users of x-ray irradiators were contacted to determine costs of replacing and maintaining 137Cs irradiators with x-ray units and to assess users' experience with x-ray irradiators. Purchase costs of x-ray units are similar to 137Cs irradiators, but maintenance costs are significantly higher if annual service contracts are used. Performance of the two irradiator types appears to be equivalent, but in some cases x-ray irradiations may need to be performed in multiple configurations to achieve adequate uniformity in dose. No literature reports were found that evaluated the biological effectiveness of x rays vs. 137Cs gamma rays; therefore, a careful study should be conducted to determine the biological effectiveness of x rays vs. 137Cs gamma rays for biological responses relevant to transfusion medicine and immunological research. Throughput may be problematic for large transfusion...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 16, 2011·Vox Sanguinis·S BashirS Thomas
Jun 5, 2015·Revista brasileira de hematologia e hemoterapia·Ricardo Aparecido OlivoHelio Moraes-Souza
Jun 20, 2020·Journal of Economic Entomology·Ronald HaffDouglas Light
Dec 13, 2017·PloS One·Tyler L FowlerRandall J Kimple
Apr 15, 2020·Dose-response : a Publication of International Hormesis Society·Katherine M GottBobby R Scott
Jun 9, 2018·Annals of Hematology·Fabio BaroniThelma A Pertinhez
Jun 10, 2021·Dose-response : a Publication of International Hormesis Society·Bobby R ScottSteven A Belinsky

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