Resident PW1+ Progenitor Cells Participate in Vascular Remodeling During Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Circulation Research
France DierickSophie Nadaud

Abstract

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by vascular remodeling and neomuscularization. PW1(+) progenitor cells can differentiate into smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in vitro. To determine the role of pulmonary PW1(+) progenitor cells in vascular remodeling characteristic of pulmonary arterial hypertension. We investigated their contribution during chronic hypoxia-induced vascular remodeling in Pw1(nLacZ+/-) mouse expressing β-galactosidase in PW1(+) cells and in differentiated cells derived from PW1(+) cells. PW1(+) progenitor cells are present in the perivascular zone in rodent and human control lungs. Using progenitor markers, 3 distinct myogenic PW1(+) cell populations were isolated from the mouse lung of which 2 were significantly increased after 4 days of chronic hypoxia. The number of proliferating pulmonary PW1(+) cells and the proportion of β-gal(+) vascular SMC were increased, indicating a recruitment of PW1(+) cells and their differentiation into vascular SMC during early chronic hypoxia-induced neomuscularization. CXCR4 inhibition using AMD3100 prevented PW1(+) cells differentiation into SMC but did not inhibit their proliferation. Bone marrow transplantation experiments showed that the newly formed β-gal(+) SMC...Continue Reading

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