Residential Racial Isolation and Spatial Patterning of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Durham, North Carolina

American Journal of Epidemiology
Mercedes A BravoMarie Lynn Miranda

Abstract

Neighborhood characteristics such as racial segregation may be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but studies have not examined these relationships using spatial models appropriate for geographically patterned health outcomes. We constructed a local, spatial index of racial isolation (RI) for black residents in a defined area, measuring the extent to which they are exposed only to one another, to estimate associations of diabetes with RI and examine how RI relates to spatial patterning in diabetes. We obtained electronic health records from 2007-2011 from the Duke Medicine Enterprise Data Warehouse. Patient data were linked to RI based on census block of residence. We used aspatial and spatial Bayesian models to assess spatial variation in diabetes and relationships with RI. Compared with spatial models with patient age and sex, residual geographic heterogeneity in diabetes in spatial models that also included RI was 29% and 24% lower for non-Hispanic white and black residents, respectively. A 0.20-unit increase in RI was associated with an increased risk of diabetes for white (risk ratio = 1.24, 95% credible interval: 1.17, 1.31) and black (risk ratio = 1.07, 95% credible interval: 1.05, 1.10) residents. Improved unders...Continue Reading

References

Nov 1, 1991·American Journal of Public Health·A P Polednak
Jan 1, 1993·Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved·A P Polednak
May 1, 1996·American Journal of Public Health·A P Polednak
Mar 31, 1998·American Journal of Public Health·K D HartD B Mukamel
Jul 29, 1998·Social Science & Medicine·J FangM H Alderman
Feb 7, 2001·American Journal of Public Health·S A JacksonP D Sorlie
Jun 4, 2002·Public Health Reports·D R Williams, C Collins
Jan 30, 2003·American Journal of Public Health·Dolores Acevedo-GarciaS V Subramanian
Mar 18, 2004·Statistics in Medicine·F DuBois Bowman, Lance A Waller
Jun 2, 2006·Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine·Sanae InagamiSteven M Asch
Nov 1, 2008·American Journal of Epidemiology·Mary O HearstPamela Jo Johnson
May 26, 2009·Epidemiologic Reviews·Michael R Kramer, Carol R Hogue
Oct 23, 2009·Epidemiologic Reviews·Marie Lynn MirandaSharon Edwards
Dec 17, 2009·Sangyō eiseigaku zasshi = Journal of occupational health·UNKNOWN Bureau of Occupational Physicians in the Japan Society for Occupational Health, Japan
Mar 6, 2010·Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·C Leal, B Chaix
Mar 28, 2012·Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy·UNKNOWN Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Department Health
Jul 4, 2012·Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology·Rebecca AnthopolosMarie Lynn Miranda
Mar 14, 2013·Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology·Marta BlangiardoHåvard Rue
Sep 13, 2013·Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA·Rachel L RichessonSusan E Spratt
Nov 16, 2013·American Journal of Public Health·Darrell J GaskinLisa Dubay
Feb 18, 2014·Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine·Summer RosenstockMichael Balkin
Apr 1, 2014·Epidemiology·Rebecca AnthopolosMarie Lynn Miranda
Apr 22, 2015·Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports·Kiarri N Kershaw, Sandra S Albrecht
Sep 25, 2016·Current Diabetes Reports·Kiarri N Kershaw, Ashley E Pender

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 26, 2020·The British Journal of Social Psychology·Anne TempletonSanjeedah Choudhury
Mar 30, 2019·Preventing Chronic Disease·Mercedes A BravoMarie Lynn Miranda
Jul 14, 2020·Sociology Compass·Tse-Chuan YangStephen A Matthews
Oct 8, 2020·Epidemiology and Infection·Emily J SiffPatricia Poitevien
Jan 1, 2020·Annals of LGBTQ Public and Population Health·Gabriel RoblesTyrel J Starks
Apr 23, 2021·Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology·Luís Antônio Batista TonacoGustavo Velasquez-Melendez
Aug 3, 2021·The American Journal of Emergency Medicine·Nitya RaoDavid Paydarfar

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Otolaryngology--head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
Paul M LantosGeeta K Swamy
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved