Residential Surrounding Greenness and Cognitive Decline: A 10-Year Follow-up of the Whitehall II Cohort

Environmental Health Perspectives
Carmen de KeijzerPayam Dadvand

Abstract

Evidence on beneficial associations of green space with cognitive function in older adults is very scarce and mainly limited to cross-sectional studies. We aimed to investigate the association between long-term residential surrounding greenness and cognitive decline. This longitudinal study was based on three waves of data from the Whitehall II cohort, providing a 10-y follow-up (1997-1999 to 2007-2009) of 6,506 participants (45-68 y old) from the United Kingdom. Residential surrounding greenness was obtained across buffers of 500 and around the participants' residential addresses at each follow-up using satellite images on greenness (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; NDVI) from a summer month in every follow-up period. Cognitive tests assessed reasoning, short-term memory, and verbal fluency. The cognitive scores were standardized and summarized in a global cognition z-score. To quantify the impact of greenness on repeated measurements of cognition, linear mixed effect models were developed that included an interaction between age and the indicator of greenness, and controlled for covariates including individual and neighborhood indicators of socioeconomic status (SES). In a fully adjusted model, an interquartile range (...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 16, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Cristina VertDavid Rojas-Rueda
Mar 6, 2019·Journal of the American Heart Association·Kefeng WangScott C Brown
Jan 26, 2020·Current Environmental Health Reports·Carmen de KeijzerPayam Dadvand
Aug 11, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Chih-Ching LiuSusan C Hu
Jun 27, 2020·Environmental Health Perspectives·Carmen de KeijzerPayam Dadvand
Nov 9, 2020·Environment International·Cathryn TonneMazda Adli
Mar 14, 2021·Environmental Research·Samuele De PetrisEnrico Borgogno-Mondino
Jul 1, 2020·Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju·Angel M DzhambovPenka A Atanassova
Apr 17, 2021·Environment International·Rongbin XuYuming Guo
Mar 15, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Kyung-Duk MinSun-Young Kim
Jun 5, 2021·Environmental Pollution·Qi ZhaoTamara Schikowski
Jul 18, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Xurui JinJohn S Ji
Jun 17, 2019·Environmental Research·Matthew H E M Browning, Alessandro Rigolon

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