Residues of DDT and HCH in wheat samples collected from different states of India and their dietary exposure: A multicentre study

Food Additives and Contaminants
G S Toteja Douressamy

Abstract

Under a multicentre study conducted by the Indian Council of Medical Research, 1712 samples of wheat grain/flour were collected from urban and rural areas in 11 states representing different geographical regions of India. These samples were analysed for residues of DDT (2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloro ethane) and different isomers of HCH (1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachloro cyclohexane, a mixture of isomers) by gas-liquid chromatography. Residues of DDT were detected in 59.4% of 1080 samples of wheat grain and in 78.2% of 632 samples of wheat flour. Different isomers of HCH were present in about 45-80% of the samples of wheat grain/flour. Medians of DDT and total HCH, respectively, for pooled samples of wheat grain were 0.013 and 0.035 mg kg(-1), while those for wheat flour were 0.01 and 0.02 mg kg(-1). Estimated daily intakes of DDT and different isomers of HCH through the consumption of wheat contaminated at their median and 90th percentiles constituted a small proportion of their acceptable daily intakes. Amongst the pesticide residues analysed, statutory maximum residue limits have been fixed only for gamma-HCH in wheat in India, as 0.1 mg kg(-1) in wheat grain and zero in wheat flour. Residue levels of gamma-HCH exceeded these...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1979·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·R P ChawlaR L Kalra
Jun 1, 1987·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·H MatsumotoT Kashimoto

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Citations

Sep 18, 2007·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·Iffat Abdul Tawab KhanMubarik Ahmed
Jan 9, 2015·The Science of the Total Environment·Seblework MekonenPieter Spanoghe
Feb 17, 2010·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·G O GulerH Ozparlak
Jan 27, 2020·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Marek Łukasz RoszkoKrystyna Szymczyk

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