Resource allocation and extracellular acid-base status in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis in response to CO₂ induced seawater acidification

Aquatic Toxicology
Meike StumppFrank Melzner

Abstract

Anthropogenic CO(2) emission will lead to an increase in seawater pCO(2) of up to 80-100 Pa (800-1000 μatm) within this century and to an acidification of the oceans. Green sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) occurring in Kattegat experience seasonal hypercapnic and hypoxic conditions already today. Thus, anthropogenic CO(2) emissions will add up to existing values and will lead to even higher pCO(2) values >200 Pa (>2000 μatm). To estimate the green sea urchins' potential to acclimate to acidified seawater, we calculated an energy budget and determined the extracellular acid base status of adult S. droebachiensis exposed to moderately (102-145 Pa, 1007-1431 μatm) and highly (284-385 Pa, 2800-3800 μatm) elevated seawater pCO(2) for 10 and 45 days. A 45-day exposure to elevated pCO(2) resulted in a shift in energy budgets, leading to reduced somatic and reproductive growth. Metabolic rates were not significantly affected, but ammonium excretion increased in response to elevated pCO(2). This led to decreased O:N ratios. These findings suggest that protein metabolism is possibly enhanced under elevated pCO(2) in order to support ion homeostasis by increasing net acid extrusion. The perivisceral coelomic fluid acid-base...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 3, 2014·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology·Marie CollardPhilippe Dubois
Feb 28, 2016·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology·Xian XuXiwu Yan
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