Respiratory chain Complex I of unparalleled divergence in diplonemids

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Matus ValachGertraud Burger

Abstract

Mitochondrial genes of Euglenozoa (Kinetoplastida, Diplonemea, and Euglenida) are notorious for being barely recognizable, raising the question of whether such divergent genes actually code for functional proteins. Here we demonstrate the translation and identify the function of five previously unassigned y genes encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of diplonemids. As is the rule in diplonemid mitochondria, y genes are fragmented, with gene pieces transcribed separately and then trans-spliced to form contiguous mRNAs. Further, y transcripts undergo massive RNA editing, including uridine insertions that generate up to 16-residue-long phenylalanine tracts, a feature otherwise absent from conserved mitochondrial proteins. By protein sequence analyses, MS, and enzymatic assays in Diplonema papillatum, we show that these y genes encode the subunits Nad2, -3, -4L, -6, and -9 of the respiratory chain Complex I (CI; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase). The few conserved residues of these proteins are essentially those involved in proton pumping across the inner mitochondrial membrane and in coupling ubiquinone reduction to proton pumping (Nad2, -3, -4L, and -6) and in interactions with subunits containing electron-transporting Fe-S cluster...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 17, 2019·Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·Matej VestegJuraj Krajčovič
Jan 11, 2020·Nucleic Acids Research·Binnypreet KaurJulius Lukeš
Oct 12, 2018·IUBMB Life·Gertraud Burger, Matus Valach
May 14, 2020·F1000Research·Rafael Zardoya
Nov 11, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Heddy SoufariYaser Hashem

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