Respiratory Disease following Viral Lung Infection Alters the Murine Gut Microbiota

Frontiers in Immunology
Helen T GrovesJohn S Tregoning

Abstract

Alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota have profound effects on human health. Consequently, there is great interest in identifying, characterizing, and understanding factors that initiate these changes. Despite their high prevalence, studies have only recently begun to investigate how viral lung infections have an impact on the gut microbiota. There is also considerable interest in whether the gut microbiota could be manipulated during vaccination to improve efficacy. In this highly controlled study, we aimed to establish the effect of viral lung infection on gut microbiota composition and the gut environment using mouse models of common respiratory pathogens respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza virus. This was then compared to the effect of live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) vaccination. Both RSV and influenza virus infection resulted in significantly altered gut microbiota diversity, with an increase in Bacteroidetes and a concomitant decrease in Firmicutes phyla abundance. Although the increase in the Bacteroidetes phylum was consistent across several experiments, differences were observed at the family and operational taxonomic unit level. This suggests a change in gut conditions after viral lun...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PRJEB21782

Methods Mentioned

BETA
Chips
PCR
lavage
ELISAs
ELISA
bronchoalveolar lavage

Software Mentioned

phyloseq
R
UCLUST OTU
NMDS
RStudio
ChimeraSlayer
GraphPad Prism
vegan
FastTree
QIIME

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