Responses to the Human Intruder Test are related to hair cortisol phenotype and sex in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

American Journal of Primatology
Amanda F HamelJerrold S Meyer

Abstract

Measurement of cortisol in hair provides a chronic index of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity and has been applied to assessments of temperament (stable behavioral differences between individuals). However, the extent to which chronically high HPA axis activity relates to a correspondingly high degree of behavioral reactivity is as yet unknown. Therefore, the goal of the present experiment was to assess the relationship between hair cortisol and a reactive temperament. We administered the Human Intruder Test (HIT) twice to 145 (80 male) rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) in order to assess behavioral reactivity. The HIT presents monkeys with an unfamiliar experimenter and is composed of a Baseline phase (no intruder) followed by three experimental phases in which the orientation of the intruder changes (Profile, Stare, Back). Behavioral responses to the test were videotaped and behaviors thought to reflect a reactive response to the intruder were scored for duration. Hair samples collected within ±1 month of the first HIT session were analyzed for cortisol by enzyme immunoassay. Subjects were assigned to three groups based on hair cortisol concentration: high, intermediate, and low cortisol phenotypes. Monkeys wi...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 4, 2018·American Journal of Primatology·Darcy L HannibalBrenda McCowan
Jan 23, 2019·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience·Michael B HennessyTerrence Deak
Dec 11, 2020·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Corrine K LutzMelinda A Novak

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