Retinoic acid and androgen receptors combine to achieve tissue specific control of human prostatic transglutaminase expression: a novel regulatory network with broader significance.

Nucleic Acids Research
Guillermo C Rivera-GonzalezN Maitland

Abstract

In the human prostate, expression of prostate-specific genes is known to be directly regulated by the androgen-induced stimulation of the androgen receptor (AR). However, less is known about the expression control of the prostate-restricted TGM4 (hTGP) gene. In the present study we demonstrate that the regulation of the hTGP gene depends mainly on retinoic acid (RA). We provide evidence that the retinoic acid receptor gamma (RAR-G) plays a major role in the regulation of the hTGP gene and that presence of the AR, but not its transcriptional transactivation activity, is critical for hTGP transcription. RA and androgen responsive elements (RARE and ARE) were mapped to the hTGP promoter by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), which also indicated that the active ARE and RARE sites were adjacent, suggesting that the antagonistic effect of androgen and RA is related to the relative position of binding sites. Publicly available AR and RAR ChIP-seq data was used to find gene potentially regulated by AR and RAR. Four of these genes (CDCA7L, CDK6, BTG1 and SAMD3) were tested for RAR and AR binding and two of them (CDCA7L and CDK6) proved to be antagonistically regulated by androgens and RA confirming that this regulation is not particu...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 26, 2013·Nucleic Acids Research·Kelly CoffeyCraig N Robson
Feb 15, 2014·Stem Cell Reports·Jayant K RaneNorman J Maitland
May 27, 2014·Frontiers in Physiology·Wei-Lin W Wang, Martin Tenniswood
May 17, 2014·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Yuqi HeYu-Jui Yvonne Wan
May 22, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Fiona M Frame, Norman J Maitland
Feb 18, 2016·European Journal of Cancer Prevention : the Official Journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP)·Jillian N EskraNur Özten
Apr 20, 2018·Nature Reviews. Urology·Shoko MatsushitaGen Yamada
Jul 2, 2021·Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer·Zoila A Lopez-BujandaCharles G Drake
Dec 9, 2020·Seminars in Cancer Biology·Claudia PeitzschAnna Dubrovska

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
GSE18684
SRA010193
GSE15244

Methods Mentioned

BETA
FCS
PCR
transfection
immunoprecipitation
ChIP-Seq
ChIP

Software Mentioned

Bioconductor

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