Retinoic acid increases the effect of bone morphogenetic protein type 2 on osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells

Journal of Applied Oral Science : Revista FOB
Ariadne Cristiane Cabral CruzCláudia Maria Oliveira Simões

Abstract

Bone morphogenetic protein type 2 (BMP-2) and retinoic acid (RA) are osteoinductive factors that stimulate endogenous mechanisms of bone repair which can be applied on management of osseous defects in oral and maxillofacial fields. Considering the different results of RA on osteogenesis and its possible use to substitute/potency BMP-2 effects, this study evaluated the outcomes of BMP-2, RA, and BMP-2+RA treatments on in vitro osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and the signaling pathway(s) involved. ASCs were treated every other day with basic osteogenic medium (OM) alone or supplemented with BMP-2, RA, or BMP-2+RA. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was determined using the r-nitrophenol method. Extracellular matrix mineralization was evaluated using von Kossa staining and calcium quantification. Expression of osteonectin and osteocalcin mRNA were determined using qPCR. Smad1, Smad4, phosphorylated Smad1/5/8, BMP-4, and BMP-7 proteins expressions were analyzed using western blotting. Signaling pathway was evaluated using the IPA® software. RA promoted the highest ALP activity at days 7, 14, 21, and 28, in comparison to BMP-2 and BMP-2+RA. BMP-2+RA best stimulated phosphorylated Smad1/5/8 prot...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 21, 2021·Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine·Mariane Beatriz SordiAriadne Cristiane Cabral da Cruz
Feb 5, 2021·Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research·Lina M EscobarJaime E Castellanos
May 12, 2021·Molecular and Cellular Biology·Angeliki VogiatziGeorge Mavrothalassitis

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Assay
PCR
biopsies
ubiquitination

Software Mentioned

IPA®
IPA
Nutricell
ImageJ
Ingenuity
core

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