PMID: 3753541Sep 1, 1986Paper

Retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship to disease activity

Arthritis and Rheumatism
A V KlinkhoffA Chalmers

Abstract

Forty-three patients taking chloroquine for systemic lupus erythematosus were followed by one ophthalmologist over a 5-year period. Visual field testing, color vision testing, and fluorescein angiography were performed. Retinopathy was detected in 7 patients (16%), none of whom had hypertension or diabetes mellitus. Retinal abnormalities included cotton-wool spots in 4 patients, microaneurysms in 3, and vascular tortuosity in 4. In 4 patients, these abnormalities were associated with retinal dysfunction, measured in terms of abnormal hue discrimination. In 6 of the 7 patients, the finding of retinopathy coincided with a flare of lupus activity. In 5 patients, retinopathy improved when the disease was controlled.

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Citations

Sep 8, 2012·Clinical Rheumatology·Sofia AndroudiShree K Kurup
May 26, 1999·Survey of Ophthalmology·E M Messmer, C S Foster
Sep 1, 1993·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·M B EcksteinG Holder
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