Reversible hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism associated with lithium therapy: case report and review of literature.

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
Hasnain M Khandwala, Stan Van Uum

Abstract

To present a case of reversible hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism associated with lithium therapy and to discuss the pathophysiology and management of this condition. The clinical and laboratory findings in a patient with lithium-induced hypercalcemia are presented. A PubMed search for associated English language articles (with use of the key words lithium, hypercalcemia, and hyperparathyroidism) was conducted, and the relevant literature to date was reviewed. An approach to the management of patients with lithium-induced hypercalcemia is suggested. A 56-year-old man was referred for management of incidentally discovered hypercalcemia. The serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) level was increased; serum phosphorus and 24-hour urine calcium excretion were both normal. For 5 years, he had been treated with lithium carbonate for bipolar affective disorder. The laboratory features were consistent with lithium-induced primary hyperparathyroidism. Discontinuation of lithium treatment resulted in normalization of serum calcium and PTH levels. Review of the literature suggests that hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism are common consequences of lithium therapy. Hypercalcemia associated with lithium-induced hyperparathyroidism is a commo...Continue Reading

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