Review: Chemosensing of nutrients and non-nutrients in the human and porcine gastrointestinal tract

Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience
E RouraM Navarro

Abstract

The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is an interface between the external and internal milieus that requires continuous monitoring for nutrients or pathogens and toxic chemicals. The study of the physiological/molecular mechanisms, mediating the responses to the monitoring of the GIT contents, has been referred to as chemosensory science. While most of the progress in this area of research has been obtained in laboratory rodents and humans, significant steps forward have also been reported in pigs. The objective of this review was to update the current knowledge on nutrient chemosensing in pigs in light of recent advances in humans and laboratory rodents. A second objective relates to informing the existence of nutrient sensors with their functionality, particularly linked to the gut peptides relevant to the onset/offset of appetite. Several cell types of the intestinal epithelium such as Paneth, goblet, tuft and enteroendocrine cells (EECs) contain subsets of chemosensory receptors also found on the tongue as part of the taste system. In particular, EECs show specific co-expression patterns between nutrient sensors and/or transceptors (transport proteins with sensing functions) and anorexigenic hormones such as cholecystokinin (CC...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 19, 2019·Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience·E RouraF R Dunshea
Nov 17, 2020·Frontiers in Physiology·Ronghua ZhuGeMaik Behrens
May 29, 2021·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Wen-Ling Chou
Aug 17, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Nyasha Charity MukonowenzouKennedy Honey Erlwanger

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