Review of Methods for the Detection and Determination of Malachite Green and Leuco-Malachite Green in Aquaculture

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry
Xinhui ZhouDaoliang Li

Abstract

Malachite green (MG) has been widely used in the aquaculture industry as a fungicide and parasiticide because of its high efficiency and low cost, and it is commonly found in aquatic products and environmental water. However, MG and its primary metabolite, leuco-malachite green (LMG), are also toxic inorganic contaminants that are hazardous to the health of humans and other organisms. A variety of methods have been proposed in recent years for detecting and monitoring MG and LMG. This article was compiled as a general review of the methods proposed for MG and LMG detection, and several important detection parameters, such as the limit of detection, recovery and relative standard deviation, were tabulated. The analytical methods for the determination of MG and LMG in various matrices include high-performance liquid chromatography separation-based methods, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical methods, immunological assays, spectrophotometry and fluorescent methods which were described in detail in this article. In addition, some sample preparation techniques were also described. This review can provide expert guidance to the reader on the advantages, disadvantages an...Continue Reading

References

Apr 23, 2003·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·Aldert A Bergwerff, Peter Scherpenisse
May 8, 2004·Aquatic Toxicology·Shivaji SrivastavaD Roy
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Feb 15, 2014·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·Kamran AbroShahnaz Perveen

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Citations

Jan 12, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Shaan Bibi Jaffri, Khuram Shahzad Ahmad
Apr 7, 2020·Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering·Angamuthu VigneshRamasamy Balagurunathan
Dec 24, 2018·Foods·Carolina Cortés-HerreraFabio Granados-Chinchilla
Jul 21, 2020·Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry·Sercan YıldırımBengi Uslu

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
ELISA
ELISAs
Raman spectroscopy
Raman
Raman scattering
surface-enhanced resonance
surface plasmon resonance
fluorescence
FRET

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