Review of Perineural Invasion in Keratinocyte Carcinomas.

American Journal of Clinical Dermatology
Albert E ZhouAmor Khachemoune

Abstract

Perineural invasion is an infiltrative process of peripheral nerves by the primary neoplasm within the immediate vicinity. Aggressive forms of keratinocyte carcinomas, such as basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, may feature perineural invasion, which is often associated with tumor recurrence and poorer prognosis. Diagnosis requires a high clinical suspicion. Imaging and histopathology are used to assess for extent of disease while surgical excision with complete circumferential peripheral and margin assessment is the treatment goal. However, there is still significant uncertainty about adjuvant chemotherapy and definitive management guidelines. Here, we summarize the current understanding of this complex pathogenic process, the clinical presentation, and the significance of perineural inflammation. We also discuss the recommendations about staging, prognosis, adjuvant radiotherapy, and general guidelines for managing keratinocyte carcinomas with perineural invasion. A better understanding of perineural invasion is essential to improve diagnosis, tailor interventions, and mitigate patient morbidity and mortality.

References

Oct 1, 1977·The Journal of Investigative Dermatology·E A BauerA Z Eisen
Jul 1, 1979·The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology·V M WeimarR W Babin
Feb 11, 1992·International Journal of Dermatology·P A Matorin, R F Wagner
Jul 1, 1992·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Y D Eliezri, P R Cohen
Jul 1, 1989·Head & Neck·W M MendenhallR R Million
Sep 1, 1985·The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology·J G Batsakis
Oct 1, 1966·American Journal of Surgery·D L LarsonS R Lewis
Oct 1, 1984·American Journal of Surgery·H GoepfertM D Luna
Jul 1, 1982·The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology·W I Cottel
Sep 1, 1983·The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology·C W HankeJ J O'Brian
Jan 1, 1995·Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons·F L AmpilF J Stucker
Jul 1, 1994·Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology·N Lawrence, W I Cottel
Apr 30, 1993·International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics·L J PetersR A Frankenthaler
Aug 1, 1997·Archives of Otolaryngology--head & Neck Surgery·J D OsguthorpeM Hochman
Jun 25, 1998·Archives of Otolaryngology--head & Neck Surgery·J J FaganJ T Johnson
Jul 23, 1998·Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology·D L ShrinerR F Wagner
Mar 17, 1999·International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics·M W McCordF P Flowers
Feb 1, 2000·Otolaryngology--head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery·A HannahA M Scott
Apr 19, 2000·The American Journal of Dermatopathology·C I Brown, A E Perry
Apr 20, 2000·Archives of Otolaryngology--head & Neck Surgery·M JungehuelsingE Stennert
Mar 10, 2001·International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics·L S WilliamsW M Mendenhall
Jul 21, 2001·Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology·K H KatzM E Maloney
Nov 8, 2001·International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics·J LockeC A Perez
Jan 5, 2002·Head & Neck·William M MendenhallNancy Price Mendenhall
May 11, 2002·Archives of Otolaryngology--head & Neck Surgery·Stephen Y LaiRandal S Weber
Apr 19, 2003·Experimental Dermatology·E Kerkelä, U Saarialho-Kere
Oct 1, 1952·A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology·F E MOHS, T G LATHROP
Oct 1, 1963·American Journal of Surgery·A J BALLANTYNEM L IBANEZ
Dec 4, 2003·Head & Neck·Allie Garcia-SerraAnthony A Mancuso
May 7, 2004·The New England Journal of Medicine·Jay S CooperUNKNOWN Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9501/Intergroup
May 7, 2004·The New England Journal of Medicine·Jacques BernierUNKNOWN European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Trial 22931
Jun 16, 2004·Cancer Metastasis Reviews·Hobart W WallingChristopher J Arpey
Jul 16, 2005·Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology·Igal LeibovitchRobert Paver
Aug 23, 2005·Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology·Igal LeibovitchRobert Paver
Sep 17, 2005·Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]·Ashraf M HassaneinFranklin P Flowers
Dec 14, 2005·Current Treatment Options in Oncology·Zoran RumboldtSusan Ackermann
Jan 23, 2008·Clinical Nuclear Medicine·Theodore J LeeRandall A Hawkins
Feb 13, 2009·Journal of Cutaneous Pathology·Martin DunnScott M Acker
Feb 14, 2009·Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]·Martin DunnTrevor W Beer

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell

Basal cell carcinoma is a form of malignant skin cancer found on the head and neck regions and has low rates of metastasis. Discover the latest research on basal cell carcinoma here.