Revisiting Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) in Cancer: Saint or Sinner?

Cancers
Brigitte Bauvois, Santos A Susin

Abstract

Human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a glycoprotein present in a wide variety of tissues and cell types. NGAL exists as a 25 kDa monomer, a 46 kDa homodimer (the most abundant form in healthy subjects) and a 130 kDa disulfide-linked heterodimer bound to latent matrix metalloproteinase-9. Dysregulated expression of NGAL in human malignancies suggests its value as a clinical marker. A growing body of evidence is highlighting NGAL's paradoxical (i.e., both beneficial and detrimental) effects on cellular processes associated with tumor development (proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and multidrug resistance). At least two distinct cell surface receptors are identified for NGAL. This review (i) summarizes our current knowledge of NGAL's expression profiles in solid tumors and leukemias, and (ii) critically evaluates the beneficial and detrimental activities of NGAL having been documented in a diverse range of cancer-derived cell lines. A better understanding of the causal relationships between NGAL dysregulation and tumor development will require a fine analysis of the molecular aspects and biological role(s) of NGAL both in primary tumors and at different stages of disease. Having an accurate pictur...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 28, 2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Peng GuoMarsha A Moses
Sep 15, 2019·Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR·Fang WangPeng Shang
Jun 4, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Karolina WoziwodzkaKatarzyna Krzanowska
Jun 23, 2020·Cancer Biomarkers : Section a of Disease Markers·Ihab BarsoumMohamed A A Bassiony
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Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Marinela KrizanacAnastasia Asimakopoulos
May 27, 2021·International Reviews of Immunology·Abraham U Morales-PrimoJaime Zamora-Chimal
Sep 28, 2021·BJU International·Jordan G FlitcroftGrant D Stewart

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
GTPases

Software Mentioned

NGAL

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