Rhodococcus hoagii bloodstream infection in an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patient: Case report and review of literature

IDCases
Pedro da Silva CampanaSilvia Figueiredo Costa

Abstract

We report a case of bloodstream infection caused by R. hoagii in a woman with acute myeloid leukemia, 37-years-old, who received an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. She developed cutaneous and gastrointestinal tract graft versus host disease, respectively on day 29 and day 69. On day 157 she developed to acute severe respiratory failure. Rhodococcus sp was identified by MALDI-TOF and 16S rRNA sequencing from blood culture as Rhodococcus hoagii. The patient was a nurse that lived in urban areas, and stated no recent trips to countryside areas neither contacted with animals. Despite of the treatment with antibiotics with action against R. hoagii such as linezolid and meropenem the patient evolved to multiorgan dysfunction and death. Our case-report emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and the use of 16S rRNA sequencing to confirmed the identification of species of Rhodococcus infection.

References

May 1, 2002·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·David M Weinstock, Arthur E Brown
Aug 24, 2007·Transplant Infectious Disease : an Official Journal of the Transplantation Society·S M CroninR B Ibrahim
Oct 24, 2007·Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease·Patricia MuñozEmilio Bouza
Sep 18, 2009·International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·Gianluca RussoVincenzo Vullo
Apr 27, 2010·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Alexandra V YamshchikovG Marshall Lyon
Nov 19, 2011·Transplant Infectious Disease : an Official Journal of the Transplantation Society·R BharadwajP H Chandrasekar
Dec 30, 2011·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Yuka KitamuraShuji Tohda
Mar 1, 2012·Diagnostic Pathology·Carl Ludwig BehnesHeinz-Joachim Radzun
May 7, 2014·Transplant Infectious Disease : an Official Journal of the Transplantation Society·P RamananR R Razonable
Feb 22, 2017·Emerging Infectious Diseases·Pascalis VergidisRaymund R Razonable
Aug 31, 2018·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·Mohadeseh Majidzadeh, Mehdi Fatahi-Bafghi

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
MH539885

Methods Mentioned

BETA
bronchoalveolar lavage
PCR

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