PMID: 16526561Mar 11, 2006Paper

Risk assessment of human myelotoxicity of anticancer drugs: a predictive model and the in vitro colony forming unit granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) assay

Die Pharmazie
Noriko Masubuchi

Abstract

Myelotoxicity is one of the major limitations to the use of anticancer drugs. It is desirable to evaluate human myelotoxicity before a Phase I study, however, this is difficult because of the differences in susceptibility between humans and animals. The purpose of this study was to establish a reliable method to predict the human maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of five camptothecin derivatives: SN-38, DX-8951f, topotecan (TPT), 9-aminocamptothecin (9-AC), and camptothecin (CAM). The myelotoxicity of camptothecin derivatives was evaluated on bone marrow from mice, dogs, and humans using a 14-day colony-forming unit-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) assay to determine the 50%, 75%, and 90% inhibitory concentration values (IC50, IC75, and IC90, respectively). Then, using human and murine IC90 values for myelotoxicity of these compounds, in vivo toxicological data, and pharmacokinetic parameters (data referred to the literature), human MTDs were predicted retrospectively. The mechanism-based prediction model which is proposed uses the in vitro CFU-GM assay and in vivo parameters on the basis of free fraction of area under the concentration-curve (AUC) at the MTD (r2 = 0.887) and suggests that the human MTDs were well predicted for the f...Continue Reading

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