Risk factors for gastroesophageal reflux disease and analysis of genetic contributors

World Journal of Clinical Cases
Alexandra ArgyrouGeorge Karamanolis

Abstract

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common gastrointestinal disorder with an increasing prevalence. GERD develops when the reflux of stomach contents causes troublesome typical and atypical symptoms and/or complications. Several risk factors of GERD have been identified and evaluated over the years, including a considerable amount of genetic factors. Multiple mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of GERD including: (1) motor abnormalities, such as impaired lower esophageal sphincter (LES) resting tone, transient LES relaxations, impaired esophageal acid clearance and delayed gastric emptying; and (2) anatomical factors, such as hiatal hernia and obesity. Genetic contribution seems to play a major role in GERD and GERD- related disorders development such Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Twin and family studies have revealed an about 31% heritability of the disease. Numerous single-nucleotide polymorphisms in various genes like FOXF1, MHC, CCND1, anti-inflammatory cytokine and DNA repair genes have been strongly associated with increased GERD risk. GERD, Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma share several genetic loci. Despite GERD polygenic basis, specific genetic loci such as rs104192...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 3, 2019·Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility·Alexandra ArgyrouGeorge Karamanolis
Jan 15, 2020·Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology·Michael P CraigMadhavi P Kadakia
Mar 20, 2021·The Nurse Practitioner·Julia Rogers, Taryn Eastland
Apr 4, 2020·Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation·Jerome R LechienSven Saussez
Dec 17, 2021·Frontiers in Medicine·Rupinder MannChandraprakash Umapathy

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray

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