Risk factors for recurrence in patients with Staphylococcus aureus infections complicated by bacteremia

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Kristen KreiselMary-Claire Roghmann

Abstract

Recurrence is a common complication of Staphylococcus aureus infections. A shorter duration of antibiotic treatment for a S. aureus infection has been previously suggested as a possible risk factor for recurrence. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with S. aureus infection complicated by bacteremia who survived their initial treatment (N = 397) at the VA Maryland Health Care System from 1995 to 2004 to determine if 2 weeks or less of antibiotic therapy is significantly associated with a higher rate of recurrence. Recurrence was defined as recurrence of infection because of S. aureus with the same susceptibility to methicillin within 1 year of treatment of the initial bacteremia. Seventeen percent of patients who survived their initial infection had a recurrence of infection. Mean duration of antibiotic therapy in those who recurred was longer than in those who did not recur (21 versus 18 days, P = .18). No evidence was found to support an association between a duration of therapy of 14 days or less and an increased risk for recurrence (RR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.44-1.04). However, being HIV infected (OR, 4.59; 95% CI, 1.61-13.10), having diabetes (OR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.13-3.61) and having an infection due to a methici...Continue Reading

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