PMID: 9441100Jan 24, 1998Paper

Risk factors for relapse in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected adults with pulmonary tuberculosis

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
J L JohnsonJ J Ellner

Abstract

A study conducted by the Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration in Kampala, Uganda, a country with high incidence rates of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. To assess clinical, microbiologic and radiographic factors associated with risk for relapse in HIV-infected adults treated for initial episodes of pulmonary TB. Nested case-control study within a randomized prospective clinical trial comparing the safety and efficacy of thiacetazone- and rifampicin-containing regimens for TB treatment in HIV-infected adults. The analysis was based on 119 patients who completed therapy. Median follow-up for all subjects was 22.3 months. Ten patients relapsed a median of 12.7 months after the end of therapy; seven of these were initially treated with the thiacetazone (T)-containing regimen. Each relapse case was matched to four controls by length of follow-up after initial TB treatment. In a univariate analysis risk for relapse was associated with treatment with the T-containing regimen (OR = 4.2, P = 0.08), age > or = 30 yrs (OR = 2.9, P = 0.16), and irregular compliance (OR = 3.6, P = 0.1). Baseline anergy on Mantoux tuberculin skin testing, cavitary disease, radiographic ext...Continue Reading

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