Risk factors of visceral leishmaniasis in East Africa: a case-control study in Pokot territory of Kenya and Uganda

International Journal of Epidemiology
Jan H KolaczinskiS Brooker

Abstract

In East Africa, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in parts of Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya and Uganda. It is caused by Leishmania donovani and transmitted by the sandfly vector Phlebotomus martini. In the Pokot focus, reaching from western Kenya into eastern Uganda, formulation of a prevention strategy has been hindered by the lack of knowledge on VL risk factors as well as by lack of support from health sector donors. The present study was conducted to establish the necessary evidence-base and to stimulate interest in supporting the control of this neglected tropical disease in Uganda and Kenya. A case-control study was carried out from June to December 2006. Cases were recruited at Amudat hospital, Nakapiripirit district, Uganda, after clinical and parasitological confirmation of symptomatic VL infection. Controls were individuals that tested negative using a rK39 antigen-based dipstick, which were recruited at random from the same communities as the cases. Data were analysed using conditional logistic regression. Ninety-three cases and 226 controls were recruited into the study. Multivariate analysis identified low socio-economic status and treating livestock with insecticide as risk factors for VL. Sleeping near ani...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 8, 2009·European Journal of Epidemiology·Stefan Walter, Henning Tiemeier
Oct 30, 2008·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Richard Reithinger
Aug 27, 2009·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Peter J Hotez, Aruna Kamath
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Jul 1, 2021·Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine·Grace GriffertyRichard Wamai

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