Risk-management syndrome

International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice
Masaaki Tanaka, Yasuyoshi Watanabe

Abstract

In order to survive, organisms must pursue and capture prey to avoid starvation, and must either fight or flight to avoid being killed by predators. The starvation-resistance and risk-management systems were of great importance to humans for survival in ancient times. However, given the evolutionary time scale, humans seem not to be well adapted to modern times. Urbanization often puts the risk-management system in motion due to modern stressors, and can induce over-activation of the risk-management system. As a result, central sensitization and classical conditioning of the over-risk-management can occur due to repeated assaults, fears, or even anticipation of the modern predators. We refer to those diseases as risk-management syndrome, defined as an illness caused by the central sensitization and classical conditioning of over-risk-management without apparent organic damage. These syndromes classified by each pathophysiological background, i.e. risk-management and metabolic syndromes are two major syndromes associated with urbanization.

References

Jun 1, 1979·Pain·J J Bonica
Jan 1, 1988·Social Science & Medicine·K Pollock
Feb 1, 1996·The International Journal of Neuroscience·R HiramotoV Ghanta
Jan 15, 1998·The New England Journal of Medicine·B S McEwen
Sep 18, 1999·Lancet·S WesselyM Sharpe
Mar 5, 2002·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J M Carlson, John Doyle
May 30, 2002·Administration and Policy in Mental Health·Bettina F Piko
Feb 4, 2003·The American Journal of Psychiatry·Niloofar Afari, Dedra Buchwald
Mar 1, 1961·The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease·J WOLPE
Nov 8, 2003·Journal of Occupational Health·Deborah L JonesStephen M Weiss
Dec 9, 2003·Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry·D Caroline BlanchardRobert J Blanchard
Mar 21, 2007·Lancet·Peter HenningsenWolfgang Herzog
May 16, 2007·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·Patrick B WoodKim D Jones
Feb 20, 2009·Pain Research & Management : the Journal of the Canadian Pain Society = Journal De La Société Canadienne Pour Le Traitement De La Douleur·Janice E Sumpton, Dwight E Moulin
Mar 27, 2010·Medical Hypotheses·Masaaki Tanaka, Yasuyoshi Watanabe

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 28, 2013·PloS One·Masaaki TanakaYasuyoshi Watanabe
Oct 1, 2015·The Journal of Physiological Sciences : JPS·Masaaki TanakaYasuyoshi Watanabe
Oct 12, 2013·Reviews in the Neurosciences·Masaaki TanakaYasuyoshi Watanabe

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.