Risk of Lung Cancer Mortality in Nuclear Workers from Internal Exposure to Alpha Particle-emitting Radionuclides

Epidemiology
James GrellierElisabeth Cardis

Abstract

Carcinogenic risks of internal exposures to alpha-emitters (except radon) are poorly understood. Since exposure to alpha particles-particularly through inhalation-occurs in a range of settings, understanding consequent risks is a public health priority. We aimed to quantify dose-response relationships between lung dose from alpha-emitters and lung cancer in nuclear workers. We conducted a case-control study, nested within Belgian, French, and UK cohorts of uranium and plutonium workers. Cases were workers who died from lung cancer; one to three controls were matched to each. Lung doses from alpha-emitters were assessed using bioassay data. We estimated excess odds ratio (OR) of lung cancer per gray (Gy) of lung dose. The study comprised 553 cases and 1,333 controls. Median positive total alpha lung dose was 2.42 mGy (mean: 8.13 mGy; maximum: 316 mGy); for plutonium the median was 1.27 mGy and for uranium 2.17 mGy. Excess OR/Gy (90% confidence interval)-adjusted for external radiation, socioeconomic status, and smoking-was 11 (2.6, 24) for total alpha dose, 50 (17, 106) for plutonium, and 5.3 (-1.9, 18) for uranium. We found strong evidence for associations between low doses from alpha-emitters and lung cancer risk. The excess O...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 28, 2017·Mutation Research. Reviews in Mutation Research·Janet HallElisabeth Cardis
Apr 6, 2018·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Kaitlin Kelly-ReifSteve Wing
Apr 13, 2018·Annals of the ICRP·W RühmM Tirmarche
Apr 17, 2018·Annals of the ICRP·M Tirmarche
Nov 6, 2018·International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health·Ségolène BouetOlivier Laurent
Mar 30, 2018·Health Physics·Alan BirchallSergei Y Tolmachev
Aug 20, 2019·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Irina Guseva CanuSandrine Charles
Jul 24, 2020·Health Physics·Edvin HanssonMats Eriksson
May 22, 2019·Journal of Radiological Protection : Official Journal of the Society for Radiological Protection·Anthony RiddellFrank de Vocht
Sep 29, 2018·Dose-response : a Publication of International Hormesis Society·Alexander VaisermanYehoshua Socol
May 29, 2021·International Journal of Radiation Biology·John D BoiceRichard W Leggett
Oct 2, 2021·Radiation Protection Dosimetry·Deepesh PoudelSergei Y Tolmachev
Nov 14, 2020·Journal of Radiological Protection : Official Journal of the Society for Radiological Protection·Deepesh PoudelSergei Y Tolmachev

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