Risks to the stratospheric ozone shield in the Anthropocene : This article belongs to Ambio's 50th Anniversary Collection. Theme: Ozone Layer

Ambio
Susan Solomon

Abstract

Crutzen (1974) and Crutzen and Ehhalt (1977) presented two key papers in Ambio that in Ambioexemplify how science first revealed to humankind the potential for damage to our ozone shield in the Anthropocene. Crutzen's (1974) review is a sweeping summary of the risks to the ozone layer from supersonic aircraft, chlorofluorocarbons, as well as nuclear weapons testing and nuclear war. Crutzen and Ehhalt (1977) described how the nitrous oxide produced from fertilizers could pose another threat to the stability of the stratospheric ozone layer. The two papers are part of a body of influential scientific work that led to the pioneering Montreal Protocol to Protect the Earth's Ozone Layer to phase out production of chlorofluorocarbons (in 1987), as well as national decisions that slowed or stopped production of supersonic planes (in the 1970s). They remain guideposts today for ongoing international negotiations regarding reducing emissions from fertilizer and limiting nuclear testing.

References

Apr 9, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Michael J MillsRolando R Garcia
Feb 27, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·David KanterJames N Galloway
Jul 2, 2016·Science·Susan SolomonAnja Schmidt
Feb 7, 2018·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·A F BaisA M Heikkilä
Dec 21, 2019·Nature Communications·S S DhomseM P Chipperfield

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