Rivaroxaban was found to be noninferior to warfarin in routine clinical care: A retrospective noninferiority cohort replication study.

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety
Turki A AlthunianOlaf H Klungel

Abstract

To compare the effectiveness and safety of a drug in daily practice with the outcomes of a target non-inferiority trial by rigorously mimickingin an observational study the trial's design features. This cohort study was conducted using the British Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) to emulate the ROCKET AF (Rivaroxaban Once Daily Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared with Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation) trial. Patients with atrial fibrillation who were newly prescribed (>=12 months of no use) either rivaroxaban or warfarinfrom October 2008 to December 2017 were included. Non-inferiority of rivaroxaban to warfarin in the prevention of stroke or systemic embolism was assessed in different analysis populations (intention-to-treat [ITT], per-protocol [PP], and as-treated populations) using a hazardratio (HR) of 1.46 as the non-inferiority margin. Major bleeding (safety outcome) was also assessed and compared to that of the target trial. All outcomes were analyzed using Cox-proportional hazard analyses. We included 25,473 incident users of rivaroxaban (n=4,008) or warfarin(n=21,465). Similar to the trial, non-inferiority in the primary out come was demonstrated in ...Continue Reading

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ROCKET

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