Robust and energy-efficient expression recognition based on improved deep ResNets

Biomedizinische Technik. Biomedical Engineering
Yunhua ChenYanjun Zeng

Abstract

To improve the robustness and to reduce the energy consumption of facial expression recognition, this study proposed a facial expression recognition method based on improved deep residual networks (ResNets). Residual learning has solved the degradation problem of deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs); therefore, in theory, a ResNet can consist of infinite number of neural layers. On the one hand, ResNets benefit from better performance on artificial intelligence (AI) tasks, thanks to its deeper network structure; meanwhile, on the other hand, it faces a severe problem of energy consumption, especially on mobile devices. Hence, this study employs a novel activation function, the Noisy Softplus (NSP), to replace rectified linear units (ReLU) to get improved ResNets. NSP is a biologically plausible activation function, which was first proposed in training Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs); thus, NSP-trained models can be directly implemented on ultra-low-power neuromorphic hardware. We built an 18-layered ResNet using NSP to perform facial expression recognition across datasets Cohn-Kanade (CK+), Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces (KDEF) and GENKI-4K. The results achieved better anti-noise ability than ResNet using the activatio...Continue Reading

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