Robustness of topological order and formation of quantum well states in topological insulators exposed to ambient environment.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Chaoyu ChenX J Zhou

Abstract

The physical property investigation (like transport measurements) and ultimate application of the topological insulators usually involve surfaces that are exposed to ambient environment (1 atm and room temperature). One critical issue is how the topological surface state will behave under such ambient conditions. We report high resolution angle-resolved photoemission measurements to directly probe the surface state of the prototypical topological insulators, Bi(2)Se(3) and Bi(2)Te(3), upon exposing to various environments. We find that the topological order is robust even when the surface is exposed to air at room temperature. However, the surface state is strongly modified after such an exposure. Particularly, we have observed the formation of two-dimensional quantum well states near the exposed surface of the topological insulators. These findings provide key information in understanding the surface properties of the topological insulators under ambient environment and in engineering the topological surface state for applications.

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Citations

Oct 9, 2014·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Katharina HoeferL H Tjeng
Nov 20, 2016·Scientific Reports·Chao-Kuei LeeMarin M Gospodinov
Aug 13, 2013·Scientific Reports·Chaoyu ChenX J Zhou
Mar 4, 2014·Nature Communications·Zhuojin XieX J Zhou
Feb 9, 2017·Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal·Biplab BhattacharyyaSudhir Husale
Jun 3, 2017·Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal·D BuginiE Carpene
Oct 25, 2012·Nature Communications·M S BahramyF Baumberger
Jul 28, 2018·Nanotechnology·Sajad Yazdani, Michael Thompson Pettes
Oct 24, 2014·Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal·V N Men'shovE V Chulkov
Feb 25, 2020·Advanced Materials·Martin P StehnoAlexander Brinkman
Feb 28, 2015·Physical Review Letters·Christoph SeibelFriedrich Reinert
Oct 7, 2015·Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal·Benjamin M Fregoso, Sinisa Coh
Aug 8, 2018·Physical Review Letters·Vasudevan IyerXianfan Xu
Aug 24, 2019·Frontiers in Chemistry·Cristina V Manzano, Marisol Martin-Gonzalez
Sep 26, 2012·Physical Review Letters·Namrata BansalSeongshik Oh
Sep 27, 2014·Physical Review Letters·Sumalay RoyJ Kirschner
Jan 30, 2019·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Chaolong YangWalther Schwarzacher
Nov 7, 2019·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Chaolong YangWalther Schwarzacher
Sep 14, 2021·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·Vasily S StolyarovDimitri Roditchev

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