Rodent models of depression: learned helplessness using a triadic design in rats

Current Protocols in Neuroscience
R C Durgam

Abstract

Certain types of human depression are precipitated by stressful life events, and vulnerable individuals experiencing these stressors may develop clinical depression. Understanding the neurobiology of stress vulnerability (depression) as well as stress resiliency (coping) is critical for guiding the development of novel pharmacotherapeutic agents for stress-related disorders such as depression in humans. The use of a triadic design (escapable shock, yoked-inescapable shock and restrained control) allows the investigator to examine the various sequella of stress exposure, while manipulating and quantifying the impact of psychological dynamics of stress such as active behavioral coping (i.e., stress control). Both escape and yoked subjects are exposed to the identical amount, intensity, pattern and duration of stress. The critical distinction between these two groups is that the escape group has the opportunity to terminate the shock stress by turning a wheel at the front of a chamber, while wheel-turning for the yoked subject is of no consequence. Any difference observed between the escape and yoked subjects is a result of the effects of coping, rather than stress exposure per se. The restrained group is included to control for t...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1985·Annual Review of Psychology·S Mineka, R W Hendersen
Jul 1, 1970·Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology·J M WeissN Harrell
Feb 1, 1967·Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology·J B Overmier, M E Seligman
May 1, 1967·Journal of Experimental Psychology·M E Seligman, S F Maier
Aug 1, 1964·Psychological Bulletin·R M CHURCH

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Citations

Jul 24, 2010·Neuroscience Bulletin·Hua-Cheng YanTian-Ming Gao

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