Role of a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in ion flux-mediated turgor regulation in fungi

Eukaryotic Cell
Roger R LewS Shabala

Abstract

Fungi normally maintain a high internal hydrostatic pressure (turgor) of about 500 kPa. In response to hyperosmotic shock, there are immediate electrical changes: a transient depolarization (1 to 2 min) followed by a sustained hyperpolarization (5 to 10 min) prior to turgor recovery (10 to 60 min). Using ion-selective vibrating probes, we established that the transient depolarization is due to Ca(2+) influx and the sustained hyperpolarization is due to H(+) efflux by activation of the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase. Protein synthesis is not required for H(+)-ATPase activation. Net K(+) and Cl(-) uptake occurs at the same time as turgor recovery. The magnitude of the ion uptake is more than sufficient to account for the osmotic gradients required for turgor to return to its original level. Two osmotic mutants, os-1 and os-2, homologs of a two-component histidine kinase sensor and the yeast high osmotic glycerol mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, respectively, have lower turgor than the wild type and do not exhibit the sustained hyperpolarization after hyperosmotic treatment. The os-1 mutant does not exhibit all of the wild-type turgor-adaptive ion fluxes (Cl(-) uptake increases, but net K(+) flux barely changes and net H(+) ef...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 12, 2014·Biochemistry. Biokhimii︠a︡·T V Potapova
Jun 7, 2011·Fungal Biology·Meritxell RiquelmeMichael K Watters
Sep 24, 2009·Fungal Genetics and Biology : FG & B·Roger R Lew, Vitaliy Kapishon
Feb 13, 2007·Trends in Plant Science·Laura Zonia, Teun Munnik
Jul 1, 2009·Environmental Microbiology·Lana ShabalaSergey Shabala
Jul 28, 2015·Fungal Genetics and Biology : FG & B·Roger R LewMiranda S H Lorenti
Oct 1, 2011·Biomolecular Concepts·Sergey Shabala, Lana Shabala
Mar 17, 2011·Fungal Genetics and Biology : FG & B·Begoña BenitoAlonso Rodríguez-Navarro
Feb 7, 2017·Environmental Microbiology·Andrew J FosterNicholas J Talbot
Jul 8, 2015·Eukaryotic Cell·Gabriela Mól AvelarSuely L Gomes
Jun 7, 2011·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Roger R Lew
Apr 28, 2007·Microbiology·Roger R Lew, Natalia N Levina
Mar 18, 2020·Letters in Applied Microbiology·Haoxiang Wu, Jonathan Woon Chung Wong

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