Role of angiotensin II in glomerular injury: lessons from experimental and clinical studies

Kidney & Blood Pressure Research
K F Hilgers, J F Mann

Abstract

Angiotensin (Ang) II is generated within the kidney via a complex transcellular pathway. Renin release is not the sole determinant of Ang II levels; the expression of angiotensinogen, Ang-converting enzyme, and angiotensinases may also regulate local Ang II. The Ang II levels in some intrarenal compartments are several orders of magnitude higher than in plasma; plasma measurements may not always predict local Ang II levels. Besides its effects on systemic blood pressure, Ang II modulates glomerular hemodynamics by constricting preferentially the efferent arteriole. The evidence available indicates that both the hemodynamic and nonhemodynamic effects of Ang II are mediated by the type 1 Ang II receptor. Nonhemodynamic effects of Ang II include stimulation of the growth of renal vascular and glomerular cells, increased synthesis of matrix molecules, and possibly a stimulation of monocyte/macrophage infiltration. These effects of the octapeptide may contribute to glomerular sclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. Intervention studies have shown that blockade of Ang II formation by Ang-converting enzyme inhibition reduces proteinuria and delays the progression of renal insufficiency in patients with diabetic and nondiabetic glomerular...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 23, 2000·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·J F Mann
Jan 22, 2008·American Journal of Nephrology·Junya JiaPravin C Singhal
Aug 2, 2001·Clinical and Experimental Hypertension : CHE·M P De BrunoA Coviello
Jun 30, 2001·American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation·A HartnerK F Hilgers
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Oct 31, 1998·Journal of Hypertension·D Susic, E D Frohlich
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