Role of echocardiography in screening and evaluation of athletes

Heart
David NiederseerChristian M Schmied

Abstract

The term athlete's heart describes structural, functional and electrical adaptations of the cardiovascular system due to repetitive intense exercise. Physiological cardiac adaptations in athletes, however, may mimic features of cardiac diseases and therefore make it difficult to distinguish physiological adaptions from disease. Furthermore, regular exercise may also lead to pathological adaptions that can promote or worsen cardiac disease (eg, atrial dilation/atrial fibrillation, aortic dilation/aortic dissection and rhythm disorders). Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major concern in sports cardiology, and preparticipation screening (PPS) has demonstrated to be effective in identifying athletes at risk for SCD. In Europe, PPS is advocated to include personal and family history, physical examination and ECG, with further workup including echocardiography only if the initial screening investigations show abnormal findings. We review the current available evidence for echocardiography as a screening tool for conditions associated with SCD in recreational and professional athletes and advocate to include screening echocardiography to be performed at least twice in an athlete's career. We recommend that the first echocardiography is...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 27, 2020·Heart·Elizabeth Dineen, Jordan Prutkin
Jan 14, 2021·Heart·David Niederseer, Christian Schmied
Jun 30, 2021·Heart Failure Reviews·Grigorios GiamouzisFilippos Triposkiadis
Aug 7, 2021·The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging·Hélder DoresNuno Cardim

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