Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Anticancer Activity of Natural Compounds

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Patrizia LimontaMarina Montagnani Marelli

Abstract

Cancer represents a serious global health problem, and its incidence and mortality are rapidly growing worldwide. One of the main causes of the failure of an anticancer treatment is the development of drug resistance by cancer cells. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new drugs characterized by better pharmacological and toxicological profiles. Natural compounds can represent an optimal collection of bioactive molecules. Many natural compounds have been proven to possess anticancer effects in different types of tumors, but often the molecular mechanisms associated with their cytotoxicity are not completely understood. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle involved in multiple cellular processes. Alteration of ER homeostasis and its appropriate functioning originates a cascade of signaling events known as ER stress response or unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR pathways involve three different sensors (protein kinase RNA(PKR)-like ER kinase (PERK), inositol requiring enzyme1α (IRE1) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6)) residing on the ER membranes. Although the main purpose of UPR is to restore this organelle's homeostasis, a persistent UPR can trigger cell death pathways such as apoptosis. There is a ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 18, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Cheng-Yi ChangChun-Jung Chen
Jan 19, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Cheng-Yi ChangChun-Jung Chen
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
electron microscopy
protein folding
xenografts
fluorescence microscopy
xenograft

Software Mentioned

GLOBOCAN
Target Scan

Related Concepts

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