Role of endothelium in the abnormal response of mesenteric vessels in rats with portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis

Gastroenterology
Noemí M AtuchaR J Groszmann

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that nitric oxide synthesis inhibition corrects the hyporesponsiveness to vasoconstrictors present in the mesenteric vascular bed of portal-hypertensive rats. The origin of this elevated NO production, whether endothelial or muscular, is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of vascular endothelium in the hyporesponsiveness to methoxamine (MTX) in the mesenteric vascular bed of portal vein-ligated (PVL) and cirrhotic rats. Endothelial denudation was achieved using a combined treatment of cholic acid and distilled water. Compared with the respective control groups, PVL rats showed a reduced vascular response to MTX. Similar results were obtained in cirrhotic animals. The presence of ascites was associated with a more severe reduction in the response to MTX. Removal of the endothelium completely corrected the vascular hyporesponsiveness of PVL, cirrhotic nonascitic, and ascitic animals. In these experiments, acetylcholine-mediated vasodilation was practically absent whereas that of sodium nitroprusside was potentiated, which indicates a successful elimination of the endothelium and the preservation of smooth muscle function. Immunostaining for NO synthase isoforms revealed the presenc...Continue Reading

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