Role of Epigenetics in Uveal Melanoma

International Journal of Biological Sciences
Yongyun LiShengfang Ge

Abstract

Uveal melanoma (UM) is a severe human malignancy with a high mortality rate that demands continued research into new and alternative forms of prevention and treatment. The emerging field of epigenetics is beginning to unfold an era of contemporary approaches to reducing the risk and improving the clinical treatment of UM. Epigenetic changes have a high prevalence rate in cancer, are reversible in nature, and can lead to cancer characteristics even in mutation-free cells. The information contained in this review highlights and expands on the main mechanisms of epigenetic dysregulation in UM tumorigenesis, progression and metastasis, including microRNA expression, hypermethylation of genes and histone modification. Epigenetic drugs have been shown to enhance tumor suppressor gene expression and drug sensitivity in many other cancer cell lines and animal models. An increased understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in UM will be invaluable in the design of more potent epigenetic drugs, which when used in combination with traditional therapies, may permit improved therapeutic outcomes.

Citations

Dec 5, 2019·BMJ Open Ophthalmology·Katie KerrAmy Jayne McKnight
Mar 27, 2018·Chinese Medical Journal·Zhi-Kun YangWei-Hong Yu
Jul 31, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Pooneh Chokhachi BaradaranBozena Smolkova
Aug 13, 2020·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Chun YangPierre Hardy
Oct 30, 2019·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Qiang HouLiLi Tu
Dec 16, 2020·Cancers·Zahra SouriMartine J Jager
Nov 6, 2020·Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology·Yongyun LiXianqun Fan
Feb 19, 2021·Molecular Therapy : the Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·Fanglin HeRenbing Jia
Mar 27, 2021·Current Opinion in Ophthalmology·David A Reichstein, Anderson L Brock
Aug 28, 2021·Cancers·Paula Milán-RoisÁlvaro Somoza

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transfection
ChIP
GTPase
ubiquitination
acetylation

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