Role of hypoxia in inflammatory upper airway disease

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
John W SteinkeLarry Borish

Abstract

Hypoxia is a potent stimulus for inflammation and remodeling. Hypoxia develops in chronic sinusitis as shown via tissue oxygen concentrations and colonization with obligate anaerobes. This hypoxia reflects occlusion of the sinus ostia and thereby failure of transepithelial oxygenation, nonvascularized exudates, and the tendency of inflammatory hyperplasia to exceed neovascularization. Hypoxia-induced transcription factors are responsible for transcription of numerous inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor, CXCL8, CCL11, transforming growth factor-beta, inducible nitric oxide synthase, as well as matrix remodeling proteins such as procollagen and matrix metalloproteinases. Many diseases, such as asthma, share the tendency to afflict respiratory epithelium of the lower (bronchi) and upper (sinus) airway. Although the histopathology and inflammation of asthma and its associated sinusitis share many features, aggressive fibrosis, polyp formation and intense hyperplasia are not features of asthma, a disease seldom associated with significant chronic hypoxia. In contrast, fibrosis is a cardinal feature of hypoxic diseases of the lungs such as interstitial lung diseases and primary pulm...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 11, 2012·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Hyun-Woo ShinJong-Wan Park
Oct 9, 2012·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Robert J LeeNoam A Cohen
Jun 28, 2011·The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology·Spencer C PayneJohn W Steinke
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Jul 10, 2016·The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. in Practice·Seong Ho ChoPhilippe Gevaert
Aug 1, 2012·International Archives of Allergy and Immunology·You-Mi MoonHeung-Man Lee
Sep 24, 2016·American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy·Benjamin M Hariri, Noam A Cohen
Sep 1, 2017·Journal of Medical Microbiology·Gavin J HumphreysAndrew J McBain
Apr 14, 2010·Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology·Myriam Vogtel, Alexandra Michels
Jan 26, 2018·BMB Reports·Hyung-Ju Cho, Chang-Hoon Kim
Jun 10, 2017·American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology·Hyun-Ah SongChang-Hoon Kim
Nov 26, 2020·International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology·Richard R OrlandiBing Zhou
Aug 28, 2021·International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology·Dong-Jin LimDo-Yeon Cho
Dec 17, 2008·Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
Dec 25, 2008·Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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