Role of Immediate-Early Genes in Synaptic Plasticity and Neuronal Ensembles Underlying the Memory Trace

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
Keiichiro MinatoharaHiroyuki Okuno

Abstract

In the brain, neuronal gene expression is dynamically changed in response to neuronal activity. In particular, the expression of immediate-early genes (IEGs) such as egr-1, c-fos, and Arc is rapidly and selectively upregulated in subsets of neurons in specific brain regions associated with learning and memory formation. IEG expression has therefore been widely used as a molecular marker for neuronal populations that undergo plastic changes underlying formation of long-term memory. In recent years, optogenetic and pharmacogenetic studies of neurons expressing c-fos or Arc have revealed that, during learning, IEG-positive neurons encode and store information that is required for memory recall, suggesting that they may be involved in formation of the memory trace. However, despite accumulating evidence for the role of IEGs in synaptic plasticity, the molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with this process remain unclear. In this review, we first summarize recent literature concerning the role of IEG-expressing neuronal ensembles in organizing the memory trace. We then focus on the physiological significance of IEGs, especially Arc, in synaptic plasticity, and describe our hypotheses about the importance of Arc expression in...Continue Reading

References

Apr 1, 1992·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·J E LeDoux
Oct 1, 1988·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D W SaffenJ M Baraban
Jun 6, 1995·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·W LinkD Kuhl
Sep 27, 2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A E WestM E Greenberg
Jun 1, 2002·Science·Kazu NakazawaSusumu Tonegawa
Jul 23, 2004·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Alison L BarthKathleen L Dean
Jul 23, 2004·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Almira Vazdarjanova, John F Guzowski
Feb 3, 2005·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Paul W Frankland, Bruno Bontempi
Feb 18, 2005·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Victor Ramírez-AmayaCarol A Barnes
Jan 18, 2006·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·John F GuzowskiCarol A Barnes
Aug 26, 2006·Science·Jonathan R WhitlockMark F Bear
Nov 8, 2006·Neuron·Jason D ShepherdPaul F Worley
Jul 13, 2007·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Diego Moncada, Haydée Viola
Sep 1, 2007·Science·Leon G ReijmersMark Mayford
Dec 7, 2007·Neurobiology of Learning and Memory·Paul E Gold
Dec 21, 2007·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Guilherme NevesTim V P Bliss
Apr 11, 2008·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Wickliffe C Abraham
Nov 21, 2008·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Jonathan E PloskiGlenn E Schafe
Jan 1, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Takashi KawashimaHaruhiko Bito
Jan 16, 2009·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Nori MamiyaSatoshi Kida
Feb 17, 2009·Neuron·Helmut W Kessels, Roberto Malinow
Feb 26, 2009·Cerebral Cortex·Takuma KitanishiMaki K Yamada
Mar 19, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Kazuko SakataBai Lu
Jul 25, 2009·Journal of Neuroscience Methods·Valery GrinevichPavel Osten
Aug 27, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Fabricio BallariniHaydée Viola
Feb 26, 2010·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Alan M RoloffStanley A Thayer
Jul 2, 2010·Neural Plasticity·Mary E LonerganFred J Helmstetter
Jul 20, 2010·Current Biology : CB·Brian J WiltgenAlcino J Silva
Oct 6, 2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Carol L PeeblesSteven Finkbeiner

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Mar 23, 2017·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience·Florian Duclot, Mohamed Kabbaj
Apr 11, 2017·Neurobiology of Learning and Memory·Mohamad AliAnne Pereira de Vasconcelos
Mar 22, 2018·ELife·Vivek Sagar, Thorsten Kahnt
Jan 14, 2018·Scientific Reports·Susan LeemburgAndreas Luft
Jul 25, 2019·Hippocampus·Craig MyrumPeter R Rapp
Jun 10, 2017·Neural Computation·Waseem Rawat, Zenghui Wang
May 6, 2020·ELife·Xiao-Wen YuCristina M Alberini
Aug 31, 2020·Neurologia Medico-chirurgica·Isamu MiuraToru Takumi
Oct 6, 2017·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Craig MyrumClive R Bramham
May 15, 2018·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience·Francisco T GalloNoelia V Weisstaub
Jul 25, 2018·Molecular Neurobiology·Kahlilia C Morris-BlancoRaghu Vemuganti
Aug 25, 2018·Annals of Neurosciences·Subramanian ThangaleelaKoilmani Emmanuvel Rajan
Apr 16, 2019·Frontiers in Physiology·Anna A TiunovaKonstantin V Anokhin
Oct 23, 2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Ben Jerry GonzalesAmi Citri
Jan 30, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Vern LewisAndreas Heyland
Apr 26, 2020·Molecular Neurobiology·Craig MyrumPeter R Rapp
Aug 28, 2020·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Guo-Yan ChenChang-Jun Su
Jul 16, 2017·Alzheimer's Research & Therapy·Daniel DaughertyDavid Schubert
Jan 31, 2020·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience·Melissa S MonseyJane R Taylor
Oct 23, 2018·Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience·Madeleine Kyrke-Smith, Joanna M Williams

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
antisense oligodeoxynucleotides

Software Mentioned

Arc

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.