Roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α in the pathogenesis of ethanol-induced liver disease

Chemico-biological Interactions
Fan-Ge MengTao Zeng

Abstract

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a progressively aggravated liver disease with high incidence in alcoholics. Ethanol-induced fat accumulation and the subsequent lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-driven inflammation bring liver from reversible steatosis, to irreversible hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors and plays pivotal roles in the regulation of fatty acid homeostasis as well as the inflammation control in the liver. It has been well documented that PPARα activity and/or expression are downregulated in liver of mice exposed to ethanol, which is thought to be one of the prime contributors to ethanol-induced steatosis, hepatitis and fibrosis. This article summarizes the current evidences from in vitro and animal models for the critical roles of PPARα in the onset and progression of ALD. Importantly, it should be noted that the expression of PPARα in human liver is reported to be similar to that in mice, and PPARα expression is downregulated in the liver of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a disease sharing many similarities with ALD. Therefor...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 1987·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·J P PignonC S Lieber
Jun 1, 1996·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·J LaurinD B McGill
Sep 3, 1996·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·C W Miller, J M Ntambi
Nov 7, 1996·Nature·P R DevchandW Wahli
Jan 30, 1999·Journal of Molecular Endocrinology·P R Holden, J D Tugwood
Nov 23, 2000·Inflammation Research : Official Journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et Al.]·G ChinettiB Staels
Nov 8, 2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·H E XuT M Willson
Jan 31, 2002·Annual Review of Medicine·Joel Berger, David E Moller
Mar 9, 2004·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Miguel P SoaresFritz H Bach
Sep 16, 2004·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Cheng JiNeil Kaplowitz
Sep 24, 2004·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Tamie NakajimaToshifumi Aoyama
Dec 8, 2004·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Frederick A BelandDaniel R Doerge
Mar 22, 2005·The Biochemical Journal·Brian L KnightGeoffrey F Gibbons
Jul 7, 2005·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Antje Banning, Regina Brigelius-Flohé
Aug 19, 2005·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Min YouDavid W Crabb
May 19, 2006·Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·Maja GrabackaKrzysztof Reiss
May 20, 2006·Current Medical Research and Opinion·Vasilios G AthyrosMoses S Elisaf
Jun 27, 2006·Journal of Hepatology·Devanshi SethPaul S Haber
Sep 9, 2006·Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology·David W Crabb, Suthat Liangpunsakul
Oct 19, 2006·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Xiaocong ChenLaura E Nagy

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 3, 2021·Biology·Madan Kumar ArumugamKusum K Kharbanda
Jun 12, 2021·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·Jing SunJingqi Fu
Aug 8, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Hugo Christian Monroy-RamirezJuan Armendariz-Borunda

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.